Emily Dickinson Lexicon

CIT'RON, n. [Fr. citron; L. citreum, or citrum.]

The fruit of the citron-tree, a large species of lemon.

CIT'RON-TREE, n.

The tree which produces the citron, of the genus Citrus. It has an upright smooth stem, with a branchy head, rising from five to fifteen feet, adorned with large, oval, spear-shaped leaves. To the same genus belong the lemon-tree, orange-tree, &c. – Encyc.

CIT'RON-WA-TER, n.

A liquor distilled with the rind of citrons. – Pope.

CIT'RUL, n.

The pompion or pumpkin, so named from its yellow color. [I believe not used.]

CIT'Y, a.

Pertaining to a city; as, city wives; a city feast; city manners. – Shak.

CIT'Y, n. [Fr. cité; It. citta, cittade or cittate; Sp. ciudad; Port. cidade; from the Latin civitas.]

1. In a general sense, a large town; a large number of houses and inhabitants, established in one place.
2. In a more appropriate sense, a corporate town; a town or collective body of inhabitants, incorporated and governed by particular officers, as a mayor and aldermen. This is the sense of the word in the United States. In Great Britain, a city is said to be a town corporate that has a bishop and a cathedral church; but this is not always the fact.
3. The collective body of citizens, or the inhabitants of a city; as when we say, the city voted to establish a market, and the city repealed the vote.

CIT'Y-COURT, n.

The municipal court of a city, consisting of the mayor or recorder and aldermen. – U. States.

CIT'Y-SIN, n.

A substance of a yellow color, obtained from the seeds of the Cytisus alpinus. – Brande.

CIVES, n. [Fr. cive; L. cepa.]

A species of leek, of the genus Allium.

CIV'ET, n. [Fr. civette; It. zibetto; Pers. زَبَادْ zabad, the sweet scent of any beast; Ar. زُبَّادٌ zobbadon, cream, and civet; زِبَادَءٌ‎‎ zibadahan, a civet-cat. The Arabic verb signifies to make butter, and this substance may be named from its resemblance to it.]

A substance, of the consistence of butter or honey, taken from a bag under the tail of the civet-cat. It is of a clear, yellowish, or brownish color; of a strong smell, and offensive when undiluted, but agreeable when a small portion is mixed with another substance. It is used as a perfume. – Encyc.

CIV'ET-CAT, n.

The animal that produces civet, a species of Viverra. This animal bears a resemblance to a cat or to a fox; it is of a cinereous color, tinged with yellow, marked with dusky spots disposed in rows. It inhabits India, Guinea, Ethiopia, and Madagascar. – Encyc.

CIV'IC, a. [L. civicus, from civis, a citizen.]

Literally, pertaining to a city or citizen; relating to civil affairs or honors. – Pope. The civic crown, in Roman affairs, was a crown or garland of oak boughs, bestowed on a soldier who had saved the life of a citizen in battle.

CIV'IL, a. [L. civilis, from civis, a citizen; Fr. civil; It. civile; Sp. civil. Qu. the Welsh cau, to shut, inclose, fence, hedge; for the rude inhabitants of antiquity fortified their towns with hedges, stakes or palisades.]

1. Relating to the community, or to the policy and government of the citizens and subjects of a state; as in the phrases, civil rights, civil government, civil privileges, civil war, civil justice. It is opposed to criminal; as, a civil suit, a suit between citizens alone; whereas a criminal process is between the state and a citizen. It is distinguished from ecclesiastical, which respects the church; and from military, which respects the army and navy.
2. Relating to any man as a member of a community; as, civil power, civil rights, the power or rights which a man enjoys as a citizen.
3. Reduced to order, rule and government; under a regular administration; implying some refinement of manners; not savage or wild; as, civil life, civil society.
4. Civilized; courteous; complaisant; gentle and obliging; well-bred; affable; kind; having the manners of a city, as opposed to the rough, rude, coarse manners of a savage or clown. Where civil speech and soft persuasion hung. – Prior.
5. Grave; sober; not gay or showy. Till civil suited morn appear. – Milton.
6. Complaisant; polite; a popular colloquial use of the word.
7. Civil death, in law, is that which cuts off a man from civil society, or its rights and benefits, as banishment, outlawry, excommunication, entering into a monastery, &c., as distinguished from natural death.
8. Civil law, in a general sense, the law of a state, city or country; but in an appropriate sense, the Roman law; the municipal law of the Roman empire, comprised in the Institutes, Code and Digest of Justinian and the Novel Constitutions. – Blackstone.
9. Civil list, the officers of civil government, who are paid from the public treasury; also, the revenue appropriated to support the civil government. – Blackstone. The army of James II. was paid out of his civil list. – Hamilton.
10. Civil state, the whole body of the laity or citizens, not included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical states.
11. Civil war, a war between the people of the same state or city; opposed to foreign war.
12. Civil year, the legal year, or annual account of time which a government appoints to be used in its own dominions, as distinguished from the natural year, which is measured by the revolution of the heavenly bodies. – Bailey. Encyc.
13. Civil architecture, the architecture which is employed in constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in distinction from military and naval architecture; as private houses, palaces, churches, &c.

CI-VIL'IAN, n. [from civil.]

1. One who is skilled in the Roman law; a professor or doctor of civil law. – Encyc. 2. In a more extended sense, one who is versed in law and government.
2. A student of the civil law at the university. – Graves.

CIV'IL-IST, n.

A civilian. [Not in use.]

CI-VIL'I-TY, n. [L. civilitas, from civilis, civil; It. civilita; Sp. civilidad.]

1. The state of being civilized; refinement of manners; applied to nations; as distinguished from the rudeness of barbarous nations. – Spenser. Davies. Denham. [This sense is obsolescent or obsolete.]
2. Good breeding; politeness; complaisance; courtesy; decorum of behavior in the treatment of others, accompanied with kind offices, and attention to their wants and desires. Civility respects manners or external deportment, and in the plural, civilities denote acts of politeness. – Clarendon. South. Dryden.

CIV-IL-I-ZA'TION, n. [See Civilize.]

1. The act of civilizing, or the state of being civilized; the state of being refined in manners, from the grossness of savage life, and improved in arts and learning.
2. The act of rendering a criminal process civil. [Not used.]

CIV'IL-IZE, v.t. [It. civilizzare; Fr. civiliser; Sp. and Port. civilizar; from civil.]

To reclaim from a savage state; to introduce civility of manners among a people, and instruct them in the arts of regular life. – Locke. Waller. Denham.

CIV'IL-IZ-ED, pp.

Reclaimed from savage life and manners; instructed in arts, learning, and civil manners. Such sale of conscience and duty in open market is not reconcilable with the present state of civilized society. – J. Quincy.

CIV'IL-IZ-ER, n.

1. One who civilizes; he that reclaims others from a wild and savage life, and teaches them the rules, and customs of civility.
2. That which reclaims from savageness.

CIV'IL-IZ-ING, ppr.

Reclaiming from savage life; instructing in arts and civility of manners.

CIV'IL-LY, adv.

1. In a manner relating to government, or to the rights or character of a member of the community. – Hooker.
2. In a manner relating to private rights; opposed to criminally; as, a process civilly commenced for the private satisfaction of a party injured. – Ayliffe.
3. Not naturally, but in law; as, a man civilly dead.
4. Politely; complaisantly; gently; with due decorum; courteously; as, we were civilly treated. – Dryden. Prior.
5. Without gaudy colors, or finery; as, chambers furnished civilly. [Obs.] – Bacon.

CIV'ISM, n. [L. civis, a citizen.]

Love of country; patriotism.

CIZ'AR, v.t.

To clip with scissors. [Not in use nor correct.] – Beaum.

CIZE, n. [or v.]

for Size, is not in use.