Emily Dickinson Lexicon

SOUND'-BOARD, or SOUND'ING-BOARD, n.

A board which propagates the sound in an organ. To many a row of pipes the sound-board breathes. – Milton.

SOUND'ED, pp.

1. Caused to make a noise; uttered audibly.
2. Explored; examined.

SOUND'-HEAD-ED, a.

Having sound principles.

SOUND'-HEART-ED, a.

Having a sound heart or affections.

SOUNDING, n.

1. The act of uttering noise; the act of endeavoring to discover the opinion or desires; the act throwing the lead.
2. In surgery, the operation of introducing the sound into the bladder; called searching for the stone. – Cooper.

SOUND'ING, ppr.

1. Causing to sound; uttering audibly.
2. Trying the depth of water by the plummet; examining the intention or will.
3. adj. Sonorous; making a noise.
4. Having a magnificent sound; as, words more sounding significant. – Dryden.

SOUND'ING-BOARD, n.

1. A board or structure with a flat surface, suspended over a pulpit to prevent the sound the preacher's voice from ascending, and thus propagated it farther in a horizontal direction. [Used in American churches.]
2. In musical instruments, the thin board placed under the strings, as in a violin.

SOUND'ING-POST, n.

A small post in a violin and violon-cello, set under the bridge for a support, for propagating the sounds to the back of the instrument.

SOUND'ING-ROD, n.

A rod or piece of iron used to ascertain the depth of water in a ship's hold. It is let down in a groove by a pump. – Mar. Dict.

SOUND'INGS, n.

Any place or part of the ocean, where deep sounding line will reach the bottom; also, the kind of ground or bottom where the lead reaches.

SOUND'LESS, a.

That can not be fathomed; having no sound.

SOUND'LY, adv. [from sound, entire.]

1. Healthily; heartily.
2. Severely; lustily; with heavy blows; smartly; as, to beat one soundly.
3. Truly; without fallacy or error; as, to judge or reason soundly.
4. Firmly; as, a doctrine soundly settled. – Bacon.
5. Fast; closely; so as not to be easily awakened; as, to sleep soundly. – Locke.

SOUND'NESS, n.

1. Wholeness; entireness; an unbroken, unimpaired or undecayed state; as, the soundness of timber, of fruit, of the teeth, of a limb, &c. [See Sοund.]
2. An unimpaired state of an animal or vegetable body; a state in which the organs are entire and regularly perform their functions. We say, the soundness of the body, the soundness of the constitution, the soundness of health.
3. Firmness; strength; solidity; truth; as, soundness of reasoning or argument, of doctrine or principles.
4. Truth; rectitude; firmness; freedom from error or fallacy; orthodoxy; as, soundness of faith.

SOUP, n. [Fr. soupe; It. zuppa, sop; Sp. sopa, sop or soup; G. suppe; D. soep; Ice. saup. See Sup and Sop.]

Strong broth; a decoction of flesh for food, highly seasoned.

SOUP, v.t.¹

To sup; to breathe out. [Not in use.] – Wickliffe.

SOUP, v.t.²

To sweep. [Not in use. See Sweep and Swoop.] Hall.

SOUR, a. [Sax. sur, surig; G. sauer; D. zuur; Sw. sur; Dan. suur; W. sûr; Arm. sur; Fr. sur, sure; Heb. סור, to depart, to decline, to turn, as liquors, to become sour. See Class Sr, No. 16, and No. 11.]

1. Acid; having a pungent taste; sharp to the taste; tart; as, vinegar is sour; sour cider; sour beer.
2. Acid and austere or astringent; as, sun-ripe fruits are often sour.
3. Harsh of temper; crabbed; peevish; austere; morose; as, a man of a sour temper.
4. Afflictive; as, sour adversities. [Not in use.] – Shak.
5. Expressing discontent or peevishness. He never uttered a sour word. The lord treasurer often looked on me with a sour countenance. – Swift.
6. Harsh to the feelings; cold and damp; as, sour weather.
7. Rancid; musty.
8. Turned, as milk; coagulated.

SOUR, n.

An acid substance. – Spenser.

SOUR, v.i.

1. To become acid; to acquire the quality of tartness or pungency to the taste. Cider sours rapidly in the rays of the sun. When food sours in the stomach, it is evidence of imperfect digestion.
2. To become peevish or crabbed. They hinder the hatred of vice from souring into severity. – Addison.

SOUR, v.t.

1. To make acid; to cause to have a sharp taste. So the sun's heat, with different pow'rs. / Ripens the grape, the liquor sours. – Swift.
2. To make harsh, cold or unkindly. Tufts of grass sour land. – Mortimer.
3. To make harsh in temper; to make cross, crabbed, peevish or discontented. Misfortunes often sour the temper. Pride had not sour'd, nor wrath debas'd my heart. – Harte.
4. To make uneasy or less agreeable. Hail, great king! / To sour your happiness I must report / The queen is dead. – Shak.
5. In rural economy, to macerate, as lime, and render fit for the plaster or mortar. – Encyc.

SOURCE, n. [Fr. source; Arm. sourcenn; either from sourdre or sortir, or the L. surgo. The Italian sorgente is from surgo.]

1. Properly, the spring or fountain from which a stream of water proceeds, or any collection of water within the earth in or upon its surface, in which a stream originates. This is called also the head of the stream. We call the water of a spring, where it issues from the earth, the source of the stream or rivulet proceeding from it. We say also that springs have their sources in subterranean ponds, lakes, or collections of water. We say also that a large river has its source in a lake. For example, the St. Lawrence has its source in the great lakes of America.
2. First cause; original; that which gives rise to any thing. This ambition, the love of power and of fame, have been the sources of half the calamities of nations. Intemperance is the source of innumerable evils to individuals.
3. The first producer; he or that which originates; as Greece, the source of arts. – Waller.

SOUR-CROUT, n. [G. sauer-kraut, i. e. sour-cabbage.]

Cabbage cut fine, pressed into a cask, and suffered to ferment till it becomes sour.

SOUR'DET, n. [Fr. sourdine, from sourd, deaf.]

The little pipe of a trumpet.

SOUR'DOCK, n.

Sorrel, so called.

SOUR'ED, pp.

Made sour; made peevish.