Emily Dickinson Lexicon

SUB-STAN-TIAL'I-TY, n.

1. The state of real existence.
2. Corporeity; materiality. The soul is a stranger to such gross substantiality. – Glanville.

SUB-STAN'TIAL-IZE, v.t.

To realize.

SUB-STAN'TIAL-IZ-ED, pp.

Made real or solid.

SUB-STAN'TIAL-IZ-ING, ppr.

Making real in substance.

SUB-STAN'TIAL-LY, adv.

1. In the manner of a substance; with reality of existence. In him his Father shone, substantially express'd. – Milton.
2. Strongly; solidly. – Clarendon.
3. Truly; solidly; really. The laws of this religion would make men, if they would truly observe them, substantially religious toward God, chaste and temperate. – Tillotson.
4. In substance; in the main; essentially. This answer substantially the same as that before given.
5. With competent goods or estate.

SUB-STAN'TIAL-NESS, n.

1. The state of being substantial.
2. Firmness; strength; power of holding or lasting; as, the substantialness of a wall or column. – Wotton.

SUB-STAN'TIALS, n. [plur.]

Essential parts. – Ayliffe.

SUB-STAN'TIATE, v.t.

1. To make to exist. – Ayliffe.
2. To establish by proof or competent evidence; to verity to make good; as, to substantiate a charge or allegation; substantiate a declaration. – Canning. Adams. Dexter. Ch. Obs.

SUB'STAN-TIVE, a.

1. Betokening existence; as, the substantive verb. – Arbuthnot.
2. Solid; depending on itself. [Not in use.] – Bacon.

SUB'STAN-TIVE, n.

In grammar, a noun or name; the part of speech which expresses something that exists, either material or immaterial. Thus man, horse, city, goodness, excellence, are substantives. [Better called name, L. nomen, or even noun, a corruption of nomen.]

SUB'STAN-TIVE-LY, adv.

1. In substance; essentially.
2. In grammar, as a name or noun. An adjective or pronoun may be used substantively.

SUB'STILE, n. [sub and stile.]

The line of a dial on which the stile is erected. – Encyc.

SUB'STI-TUTE, n.

1. One person put in the place of another to answer the same purpose. A person may be a substitute with full powers to act for another in an office. Representatives in legislation are the substitutes of their constituents. The orthodox creed of Christians is that Christ died as the substitute of sinners.
2. One thing put in the place of another. If you have not one medicine, use another as its substitute.

SUB'STI-TUTE, v.t. [Fr. substituer; It. sustituire; Sp. substituir; L. substituo; sub and statuo, to set.]

To put in the place of another. Some few verses are inserted or substituted in the room of others. – Congreve.

SUB'STI-TU-TED, pp.

Put in the place of another.

SUB-STI-TU-TING, ppr.

Putting in the place of another.

SUB-STI-TU'TION, n.

1. The act of putting one person or thing in the place of another to supply its place; as, the substitution of an agent, attorney or representative to act for one in his absence; the substitution of bank notes for gold and silver, as a circulating medium.
2. In grammar, syllepsis, or the use of one word for another.

SUB-STI-TU'TION-AL, a.

Pertaining to substitution.

SUB-STRACT', v.t. [L. subtraho, subtractum.]

To subtract. Note. Substract was formerly used in analogy with abstract. But in modern usage, it is written according to the Latin, subtract. – See this word and its derivatives.

SUB-STRAC'TION, n.

In law, the withdrawing or withholding of some right. Thus the substraction of conjugal rights, is when either the husband or wife withdraws from the other and lives separate. The substraction of a legacy, is the withholding or detaining of it from the legatee by the executor. In like manner, the withholding of any service, rent, duty or custom is a substraction, for which the law gives a remedy. – Blackstone.

SUB'STRATE, a.

Having very slight furrows.

SUB'STRATE, n.

That which lies beneath.

SUB-STRA'TUM, n. [L. substratus, spread under; sub and sterno.]

1. That which is laid or spread under; a layer of earth lying under another. In agriculture, the subsoil. – Cyc.
2. In metaphysics, the matter or substance supposed to furnish the basis in which the perceptible qualities inhere.

SUB-STRUC'TION, n. [L. substructio.]

Under building. – Wotton.

SUB-STRUC'TURE, n. [L. sub and structure.]

An under structure; a foundation.